Amaswasa Ahluhlulekileyo lokungena kweZihlaleni Zikhulu: Ukukhubaza Isikhatsi kunye neMali

Imithwisto Esebenzayo Yokuhlanganisa I-Prefab

Izinhlobo Zokuvulwa Kwezinhlelo

Izindlu zokubhalekela zivulwe ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuvulwa kwezinhlelo, ngokusebenzisa le ndlela amamodiwo wokuvulwa kwezinhlelo ayenzelwa emfabeni ngaphandle kwendawo emuva kushiphelwa kwindawo yokugcina ukuze kuvulwe ngokushesha. Le ndlela iyasabisa indawo yokuvulwa, kuncike izinsizakwana ezidingekayo kwindawo kanye nokulawulwa kwezibonelo, lokhu kuyasebenza ngisho ngenhloso yokuthi izinto zenzelwa kumhlabeni ohlelweni. Izintu ezinhle yokuvulwa kwezinhlelo ziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokuthi kuthathwa isebenza ngaphandle kwendawo kunciphisa izindleko zomsebenzi kanye nokuphantsi kwesikhathi sokuphathwa. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ubuncike bokuvulwa emfabeni bamele ukuthi kuncanele imistake, okwenza ukuba kube nephu kahle. Indawo yokuvulwa kwezinhlelo engaphezulu kuyaphutha. Ngokuchazwa indawo yokuvulwa kwezinhlelo, ubukhulu bendawo yokuvulwa kwezinhlelo ephakeme kuvuselelwa okwamanje, banye ne-CAGR ehlolwe ukuba yilowa 6.3% ngemva yeminyaka engu-10, okubonisa ukuthi kunezimali ezincipha njengokuvulwa okulodwa ehloleni lomhlaba.

Imigqa ye-Panel kulethu ngokukhawuleza

Ukudlalwa kwe-Panel igama elithile kakhulu kuye nokudlalwa kwezindlu ngokwemigqa ehlukene nezindlu, imigqa, nezinye izindawo ezivulekile kahle kuzindawo zokudlala ezikhona kakhulu kuye nokudlalwa kuzindawo zokusebenza. Ngokuthi kwezimigqa lezi zinezindawo eziphumelelayo, zikhona kahle futhi zinamandla, okungathi uma kuzothunyelwa kuzindawo, ukufaka kwezikhathi kanye nezindleke. Imigomo ephambene nezinhlelo zokudlala kwezimigqa yileyo ukuthi kungabi khona amakhampani okudlala kuzindawo kanye nokuthi kungase kuthole ukuphephile kakhulu, ngakho kungase kuvikele ukudlala kuzinto eziphakeme. Izindlela eziningi zekhombisa ukuthi panelized systems singaphansi kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, izindlela zekhombisa ukuthi izikhathi zokufaka zingaphansi kakhulu, okungathi 40%, okuvikela ukuthi izinhlelo zingase zikhawuleza ukusebenza ngaphandle kokuthile kakhulu. Ngalezi zizwe panelized systems sikhethwa kakhulu kuzindlela ezidinga ukuthi kudlale kakhulu noma kungabi khona ukuthile kakhulu kuzindawo.

Ukwenza Kwalokhu Kwezindlela Ukuba Kude Kakhulu

Izinto Ezisebenzayo Ukuba Zihlanganise Ngokwenza

Ukusebenzisa imoduli yonkebuka kuzo ezweni lokuvuleka kuyindlela ebalulekileyo ukuwuthuthukisa ubunzima bokuvuleka. Ngokusebenzisa izicelo ezinhlosoyo zezindawo, izindawo zokuvuleka, izimbali, njll., singake kuvuleka ngokulula, kuvuleka ngokushesha futhi kubekwe ngokuphelele, ngenhloso yokuhlinzeka kakhulu kwezinhloso kuzo zonke izigaba zokuvuleka futhi zokuthiwa. Le ndlela kuyindlela ebalulekileyo yokuhlinzeka kwezilungiselelo futhi ukuthwasa ukungcola izindleko kuvulekeni. Oku kuchaza ngokuthi, ngokusebenzisa izicelo ezinhlosoyo njengezindlela zokuvuleka futhi izicelo zokuvuleka, kuyindlela ebalulekileyo ukuthiwa ukuvuleka kuvuleke ngokushesha futhi kubekwe ngokuphelele, ngenhloso yokuhlinzeka kakhulu kwezinhloso kuzo zonke izigaba zokuvuleka futhi zokuthiwa. Oku kuchaza ngokuthi, ngokusebenzisa izicelo ezinhlosoyo njengezindlela zokuvuleka futhi izicelo zokuvuleka, kuyindlela ebalulekileyo ukuthiwa ukuvuleka kuvuleke ngokushesha futhi kubekwe ngokuphelele, ngenhloso yokuhlinzeka kakhulu kwezinhloso kuzo zonke izigaba zokuvuleka futhi zokuthiwa.

Ukuxhumana Ngezibonelo e-Dijithali nge-BIM

U-BIM njengoba yindlela emisha emaphakathi kwezimali zokwenza izinto ngokushesha: Ukuhlela izinkqubo ngokushesha! Ukusebenza ngokwesikrwele phakathi kwezokudla, abasebenzisi amandla kanye nabasebenzisa izakhiwo kwenziwa ngokulula ngu-BIM, okuphula izindleko eziphakathi kwezimo kanye nokukhula ukubonisa izithombe zombutho. - Imiphumo yokudla: Isithombe libe ngokuthi kunesicelo esikhulu kakhulu sika-BIM esikhona ngemibili yabo 45% kanye nokukhula kwezimo zombutho, okusungula ngokushesha. Le thekani nakho ingakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukuthi izilwanyana kanye nezilwanyana, okuyindlela ebalulekile kakhulu kuzo zokudla ngaphandle kwezindleko, lapho ukushesha kanye nokucacile kuyindlela ebaluleke. U-BIM akunakuthola kuphela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkqubo, kodwa nakho kwenza abakhokho ukuthi bafanele ukuthi bafanele lapho baplanisa kanye nokudla izinkqubo zokudla.

Izinkqubo Zokulungisa Emlandle

Ukuplanisa Izinga Lokulula

Ukudizaynwa okuhle kakhulu kubaluleke ukusetha okokuhle kanye nokuphephuka nokusebenza okuhle kwezinhlanganisela ezifakwayo ngaphambili. Kuvumela ukufaka okuphephile kanye nokuhlangana okuyindlela elula kakhulu kuzindlela zakho, okukhomba ukuthi kunciphise izikhathi ezimiselwe kanye nokuthuthukisa ukubungaza kwakho. Iziphumo ezintsha, njengokusebenzisa i-GPS kanye nokusebenzisa i-laser leveling, zingumathiswano amaningi ukuthiwa ukuthiwa kwezinhlanganisela zonke zihambisane. Aza kunciphisa ukucophelela kodwa kanye ukuthiwa yindlela ephawulwayo ngokusebenzisa abasebenzi besiko, oku kuthula isikhipha sokuthetha kwabantu noma ukuthiwa yonke indawo yekhwalithi iyakhiwa ngokushesha njengoba kuthiwe yilapho. Iindlela zokuxazulula kuvumile ukuthi izinhlayo ezinezinhlanganisela ezinhle zinezinkinga ezingaphansi kakhulu, ngokuthiwa kwezinhlanganisela kunciphisa isikhundla sokuthambeka noma ukuthiwa kwezinhlayo.

Ukulethwa ngemva kwenkathiyo

Ukulethwa kwi-ngozi (JIT) yilinqo ebalulekileyo ye-construction ye-pre-fab, apho izinto zilethwa ngokucacileyo nangokunikezwa kuzo. Le ndlela iyahlula amaphela kwezimali futhi ayahlula ukungena kwezindleke, okuyindlela ebalulekileyo yokunceda izindleke nezimali. Kodwa le ndlela inezinkinga ezithile zokuthuthukiswa, njengekuphakama kweziletho nezinsuku eziphambene nezakhiwo. Imaphasiso evela kummandla ubonise ukuthi izinkampani ezisebenzisa le ndlela ngokuhlonishwa kwezindleko kanye nezinkinga zokucindezwa. Izinkampani ephumelele kuzo kuzo izinkampani ezikhulu ze-pre-fab ezisebenzisa izindleko zokunikezwa ukuze kuthuthukwe kwezakhiwo, izithuthi nezakhiwo ebonene. Ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga ngokuhlonishwa kungakhula isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kweziletho, okungakela ukuphela kwezilimela ngokucacileyo.

Izicathami Ezininziyo Zokuthuthukiswa

Imishini Yemisebenzi Yokuthuthukiswa

Ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokwenza ngokuzenzekela zilandelwe ukuguqula uhlelo lwokubangela ekuhlaleni kwemobile ngokuthuthukisa kakhulu ubungo lokuqonda nokwenza. Izandla zombane nezinhlelo yokugcina ngokuzenzekela yizinto ezinhlelo zokwenza ngokuzenzekela ezenziwe ngokuphelele kuleli guqulo. Lezi zinhlelo zingasebenza ngokuphawuza nezingasebenzi ngokulula noma ukungabi noma ukungcola. Ingxoxo yemigwa yempi yekere yesikhatsi semkhatho ukuthi ubungo bokwenza ngokuzenzekela kubangela ukuthi izifiseli ezisebenzisa lezi zinhlelo zingasebenza ngokuphawuza kangaka ngama-30%. Sisebenzisela lezi zinhlelo ezibangelweni zokwenza ngokuzenzekela, lokhu kusho ukuthi singasebenzisa izinto ngokungcono nokushesha kakhulu, sikhokhelela empiyeni ngokuphelele.

Izinhlelo zokwenza ngokuzenzekela

Ukudibanisa kwezifakti ezinhleli ngumanye futhi wezinyathelo ezingapandle kwevolushini yesiko seprefabrication, esisebenzisa imicabho engenziwe njalo nezinhle like IOT ne-AI. Le micabho ikhonzela ukwenza izivikelelo ezifisayo nekunikeza izilwanyana ngokushesha okuphakathi kweqembu lelapho kakhulu. Ukuhambisana nezinhle kwezinhle zokwenza kusukela kumele kuthiwa amaphisho angenziwe kugcineni ngaphambi kokuba akhishwe ukwenza. Izinkampani ezingaphambili abo basebenzisa le mpendulo bayaqina ukuthi kunezifisayo kakhulu nezimo zokwenza. Ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokwazisa ezivumelana ne-AI nekugcina kwe-IoT, sikhululeka kakhulu ukusebenza kweqembu lethu futhi sibale kakhulu ukuthi kwehle kweziko ezifakwayo ngokudala.

Izindlela Zokunciphisa Imali Ngendlela Eshisayo

Izindlela Zokusebenzisa Imali Ngendlela Eshisayo

Ubungqina bomkhiqizo yisikhundla esibalulekile kakhulu, akukho nje ngokwezindleko engaphezulu kodwa futhi ngokwezindleko ezingaphansi zokwenza izindlu eziprelimakithi. Ngokusebenzisa izinko ezijwayelekileyo njengekusemisa kwehlukile kanye nokusebenzisa futhi, izifakti zokwenza izindlu ziprelimakithi zingagcina imali. Ngokufanayo nesimo sekuhlelwa kwezinto njengekusemisa kwehlukile kanye nokusebenzisa futhi, akukho nje ukugcinwa komkhiqizo engaphezulu kodwa futhi ukusemisa kwehlukile kanye nokusebenzisa futhi. Ngaphezulu kwalokhu, izindlela zokusemisa kwehlukile (isb., ukugcina ngokucophelela, ukuxhuma) kuzocula ukuthi umkhiqizo usebenzelwe ngokubungqelene kanye nokusemisa kwehlukile kucingelwe ukuthi kungagcinwe imali engaphezulu. "Ukwehlisa kancane kunciphisa izindleko zokubharcoda ngama-20% kodwa ngemuva koko kufanele ucabange ngokugcina izinto okwenza uma uthanda ukuba ngumuntu oqinisekileyo nezindlu zakho ziprelimakithi.

Izindawo Ezibungqeleneyo Zokusebenza Kwamandla

Okulandelwa ukwenza amamodeli akhona ukusebenza kwamandla kuyindlela yokuvumela abasebenzisa amandla abuyiselwa emhlabeni. Izinhlobo ezifana nezinsuku zokukhanya, amawindi aphatha amandla, nezinhlobo zokusebenzisa izandla ziyindlela ebalulekile yokuvikela amandla. Izinsuku zokukhanya kakhulu zivikela ukungcola kwamandla futhi kwenza ukuba kube khona amandla, futhi amawindi aphatha amandla akhuthaza ukungcola okuningi kwamandla ekushiseni nasekupheleni. Izandla zinikeza umkhiqizo wokusebenzisa amandla ongaphezulu, okwenza abasebenzisi badinga ngokungenakwa kwezinhlanzi zokusebenzisa amandla. Kukhona amacase ezifanise ukuthi lezi ndawo zingenza ukuthola amandla ngama-30%, okunikeza amathuluzi nezimpawu zokuvikela umhlaba. Ngalezi zindlela ezifanele ukuvikela umhlaba, amakhaya esetshenziswayo kakhulu ingenza ukuthi kube khona ukudinga okuphezulu kwamakhaya aphathe amandla.

Amacase Okufaniseni Ukhipha Imiphumela

Ukuthola Kwamakhaya Okusheshayo

I-Prefab housing ingaba ukuba yindlela enkulu xa kudingeka ukuphumelela ngokushesha. Oku kungenzeka ngokunikeza amathola aphakeme emva kwehurikan eyodwa, xa kwaqala ukuvakwa kwezikhululo zokuthula. Lezi zinhlosoo zokuvakwa ezweni, zokusebenza ngokushesha, ziyinkqubo yokuqala nokushesha. Ngenjalo, njengoba yilokhu esemva, ngemva kwizinsuku ezifewekayo, abasebenzi bakhelwe ne-1000 amakhaya. Le nkqubo yonke yenza ukuba amathola aphakeme athole ngokushesha, oku kubonisa ukuthi prefab housing yindlela enempempe.

Amaphrojekthi wezimali ezikhulu

Izindlu eziyinzala (prefabricated) zingasebenzi kuphela kwemergency; zingasebenzi ngendlela yeyiphi na. Uma sebenziswa ngokuhle, izindlela zokuhlanganisa eziyinzala (prefab) zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimpi zininzi zokudla, zibe yindlela yokuthatha isikhathi kwaye zilale malu kumahluko omkhulu. Umsebenzi oqwayo, njengokuhlalutya, ubonakala ukuba wafumana ukunciphisa isikhathi ngama-30% kwaye ukunciphisa izindleko ngama-25% ngokwabakhankatha. Le miqatho ayimpela kuphela — iyisigqibo esiqinileyo sokuba prefabricated homes zinezinto ezininzi zokunikezela ngokuguqula indlela yokubangela. Umphathi wokudla kumqakathi ongqo wabhala ngokuguqulwa kweqonga lokuhlanganisa ngokudibanisa, yenza umkhosi oqeleneyo yonke imisebenzi yabo.

Imilo Emandla kwiNqanawa ye-Prefab

Imithuthuko ye-Robotic Assembly

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Robot ekuvulelweni kwezakhiwo ezifakwayo kuvumela ukuba kube nezimali ezintsha zokusebenza kanye nokucophelela. Okwamanje amandla athuthukisa uyasebenza ngokuzenzekela izindaba eziphazamisekileyo, ukwehlisa amaphoyinti wezimfanelo, kanye nokhula isikhathi sokuvulela isicelo. Isibonelo, izindlalane zingasebenzisa izinto ngokucophelela kanye nokukhanya kakhulu. Kamanje, abakhulume bakadinga ukuthi izinto ezithuthukisayo ezigcwele iqhaza kanye nezokufunda kwezinhlobo zingakuthi zilungise indutye, ukuvumela izindlalane ukuthi zilungise kanye nokuqonda kuzo.

Noma kukhona izindleko zokuqala zokwenza izingxenye zezindlalane, izindleko ezingaphambili ziphela kakhulu. Izinhlobo zezindlalane zingasebenza ngokuthula kakhulu, ukhula ukusebenza kanye nokwehlisa izindleko zomsebenzi. Noma izindleko zokuqala zibe phezulu, ukubuyela kwezinhlawulo kubonakala ngokwehlisa izikhathi zokuvulela kanye nokapela kwalungiselelwa, ngokugcwele ukubenefitiya abasebenzisi nezimali.

izingxenye ezahlukahlukene ezifakwe ngokushiywa kwe-3D

ukuprintwa kwesi 3d kuyavuselela kuz future yezindlu eziprelabo (prefab) ngokunikeza amandla okudizayna okuphakeme kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola. Le thekile ikwenza yindlela yokuvuleka ngokuthi ibhase izilotha ezinhlosoke kakhulu ezokuthi zilandelwe ngokuthi zibe yinto ehlukile ngendlela yokuqhathaniswa noma indlela enye yokuxhumana. Iziphumo ezinhlosoke zokuprintwa kwe 3D zinezinhle futhi - kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla amakhulu kanye nokuthandwa kwezimali ngokunciphisa ukungcola.

"[Imiphumano yokunciphisa izindleko zokudlulisela kwe-3D] ibuyela kuspeed yokuqala fomu ... nokuthiwa kwekwa kudlulisela ngokudinga, kunciphisa izindleko zokudlulisela nezinto ngendaweni. Imicabango kanye nezindlu ezi-3D-printed e-Isitatemuni, lapho lezi zinto ziwasetshenziswa ngempumelelo, zibonisa ukuthi kudingeka kube ngokushesha futhi kube nephuwo lokuvakasha okuningi. Njengoba sikhululekile ngale teknolojithi eziyokuvikela, siza kubona amacabango aphezulu ne-angaphezulu futhi asebenzisa izinto ezi-3D-printed.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yeyiphi indlela yokuvakwa ngokwemodhuli ngokuvakwa kwamakhaya?

Ukuvakwa ngokwemodhuli kufaka phakathi ukudlulisela imodhuli ngaphandle kwenqanawa bese kuzotshiwa lapho kuzobuyiswa ngokushesha, kuhleke kakhulu kwalokho kudingeka kube kuhle futhi kunciphe izindleko.

Yini amasistimu wokubeka izinhlobo engavunyelwa ngayo ukuvakwa ngokuvamile?

Amasistimu wokubeka izinhlobo avumela ukufaka ngokushesha kwezinhlango, izindawo zokulala, nezifiti ezidaliwe ngaphambi, kunciphisa amandla wokusebenza ngendaweni futhi kube nezinhlobo ezishesha.

Kungani izinto ezifaniselekile kubaluleke kangaka?

Izicombolo ezijwayelekile ziyenza ukuba kwenzeke kahle ukuxhumana nokugcina ubunjineli ngokwenza izivikelelo, ukunciphisa izindleko futhi ukubusa isikhathi.

Yini BIM enza isivikelelo se-construction?

BIM iyenhlela ukuplanisha ngokunxusana ngabantu abanxenye, ukunciphisa amaphoyinti, futhi ukwenza uphuhliso olulungileyo olunconywa yisikhathi esifanelekileyo sokuvikela izivikelelo.

Yini amathina esimbotywa enza kumisebenzi wezivikelelo?

Amathina esimbotywa njengezimoya zenhlela ukusebenza ngokushesha ngokwenza amasevisi aphawulayo ngokucophelela, ukunciphisa amanani wabantu abasebenzisa futhi amaphoyinti.

Yini amaphethiniwekileyo ekusebenzeni kwezivikelelo kahle kwezindlu?

Amaphethiniwekileyo ekusebenzeni akunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezindleko futhi kwezimali, ukuvikela abasebenzisa abathanda ukuphila ngendlela efanele yekhono lokuvikela izulu.